……
"In such a county, the annual tax can be adjusted, that is,’ 24,000 stones of rice can be adjusted to collect more than 30,000 kilograms of silk cotton’, but I don’t know if the livelihood of the people can be difficult after paying taxes according to this. What is the actual field output? Will the average tax rate set by the court be too heavy? "
"This point, please rest assured that Lord Xiao’s court originally decided that’ 40 mu of farmland should be taxed with two stones’ according to the average yield per mu in the Central Plains, that is, the annual output of one mu of medium-sized fields should be determined. When there are five buckets of one stone for planting millet in the north, although it is difficult to reach this figure, there are often two or three buckets of one stone, but it is still affordable-but it is equivalent to turning thirty taxes and one tax rate into actual twenty taxes. A barren county with extremely poor borders may have nine buckets of one mu, which is equivalent to fifteen taxes and one bucket.
Although the salty soil and alkali in Hangzhou are much worse than those in Huzhou and Suzhou, which are on the verge of Taihu Lake, the yield of five stones per mu can still be guaranteed, and occasionally it can be slightly more than 15%. After all, Wuzhong, a water town in the south of the Yangtze River, is the poorest state and county than horse shit, and it is better than the dry land in the north. "
Xiao Xian Pan listened to the report and increased his confidence in his own territory. However, he heard Liu Hongming’s report that Huzhou, Suzhou and other places had a much higher yield than Hangzhou, so he was curious and asked, "But I don’t know what Su Hu and other places are like?" What is the advantage? "
Liu Hongming sighed slightly, "How can we drive Suzhou and Huzhou here?" Self-effacing tone said naively.
"How can this be compared with Huzhou and Suzhou? Even in years with relatively poor harvests, one stone can’t run away, and often it can break through two stones per mu-and this is the situation of one crop of rice. In fact, there are two States in Su Hu where early rice grows long enough to harvest two crops of rice because of spring shock, so there will be less two stones and five buckets to yield.
If we want to find out the reason, it is not that two states in Su Hu are near Taihu Lake, and the ditches are vertical and horizontal to facilitate irrigation, and the water heating in Taihu Lake is not frozen in winter. In spring, the paddy fields near Taihu Lake are comparable to those in our counties that are not near Taihu Lake. Adults who are not familiar with farming time may not know how good it is to grow this rice for half a month earlier. We have to harvest two crops of rice here in Hangzhou, and it will only be one or two years at most in ten years, but Su Hu is because of this rice sprouting for half a month earlier. There is enough growth period to harvest two crops of rice-Tian Jia has rich experience. When the ears of rice are full in mid-July, all the horses will harvest them, and another crop will be cut in late September and early October. "
Xiao Xian’s first reaction when he heard the "second crop rice" was that it was a double crop rice. Later, when he listened carefully, he knew that this was not the case. His peers were also semi-suspended. History lovers vaguely remembered that China’s double crop rice seemed to have the concept of double crop rice only after the introduction of Zhancheng rice from Vietnam in the Song Dynasty.
Then Lu Hongming said that this should be the concept of "ratooning rice", that is, after planting once, the same batch of rice seedlings will be harvested twice, just like picking the top buds when harvesting tea, which will grow again after a while; When harvesting this kind of rice, it is necessary to cut the mature ear and keep the ear. Because of the nutrient suppression of the ear, the axillary bud will grow into another ear in a few months. Of course, the second harvest is not much, maybe 30% to 40% of the first crop, but it is very rare to harvest this crop before the double-cropping rice appears.
Moreover, there was no "two tax laws" in the Sui Dynasty, so it was not taxed by the court. According to the collection of summer grain and autumn grain, the court defaulted that every field of land had the ability to collect taxes once a year, and it was 100% agricultural subsidies and incentives for the people.
In the previous life, Xiao Xian was born in a poor village in Ningbo. When he was a child, he also did farm work in the countryside. Although he was not professional, he somehow combined with education. Later, there was always some comprehensive understanding. Therefore, when he heard the current situation, he knew what was going on.
A set of grand plans to build canals to raise money, grain and corvee was gradually formed in Xiao Xian’s mind.
Chapter 59 Qi Min Yao Shu
Hangzhou City spent ten days in a hurry, and Xiao Xian finally got familiar with all the political work of handover. At the same time, for their own family, such as the county’s various divisions Cao Zuo level people have touched the bottom and made some friends.
The last and most important thing is to pay a visit to a city official-Sima, the secretary of the secretariat of Hangzhou, and Gong Cao, the clerk of the state who joined the army. These are all state officials and deputies in charge of a certain aspect, which is equivalent to the deputy mayor of the prefecture-level city in later generations. They are all Xiao Xian officials, and the state governs Qiantang County. Another disadvantage is that these officials have to bow their heads and not look up to see the natural neglect. Although the level of Cao Cao’s participation in the army in other States is equal to or slightly lower than that of Xiao Xian, it is not easy for colleagues to offend.
In the official system of Sui and Tang Dynasties, there were also many "Cao" in charge of a certain field of work. Later, the categories of "house" and "torture room" in Qing County were almost the same as "city bureau" or "county sub-bureau". If you want to compare them with modern yamen, it is called "state law Cao joined the army". The director of the district and county judicial branch bureau is called "county law Cao Zuo"
Xiao Xian really didn’t want to do these welcoming and sending things, but fortunately, when Xiao Xian accepted Lu Hongming and Sun Baoxing’s invitation-to-dinner on the first day, he had inadvertently leaked out that he was a nephew of a toffee. Although Lu and Sun didn’t want to publicize it, it was still easy for this kind of news to be privately circulated. If it wasn’t true that Xiao Xian had any personal grievances, even officials with several levels higher than Xiao Xian wouldn’t make things difficult for himself in the future.
After busy handover and entertainment, Xiao Xian can finally meditate to do some political adjustment and river repair preparations.
……
"Mr. Shen’s visit to Xinxian County will soon be such a formal banquet for our squires, but I don’t know what to do. Can your nephew Cao be well-informed when he does things?"
"Lord Gu Zhuang, you are the first family in the land. Although my nephew and the government are not good at doing things, at least I heard that Xinxian Zun is the first to make a written pledge to dredge and widen the Taihu Canal from Hangzhou. It will be necessary to apportion the money and food corvee in the coming year. Alas, if you can stop a little blood, you will hold your nose and forget it, and you are afraid of a big appetite."
"It was the money? That’s terrible. I heard that the county magistrate and the toffee have some relatives? If you say something disrespectful, if it is a hundred years later … it will be a consort! "
There are dozens of short seats outside the hall of Xiao Xian government office. Almost every township and town in Qiantang County has come with less than three or five big squires who have a commanding position and actually master local patriarchal autonomy. Naturally, every township will win such a banquet, which will easily make the invited people feel that something bad will happen.
The so-called "village assistant" is a kind of official who worked at the local grass-roots level from the Han and Tang Dynasties. Although there was not necessarily a court order or a public salary, it was indispensable to realize the grass-roots administration. In the Qin and Han Dynasties, the village assistant was also in charge of the official court order and salary to help the court collect taxes at the village level. At that time, the village assistant was the deputy of the husband, and he was a "temporary worker" who did not prepare for the job but did dirty work. The income and benefits of doing things in the village assistant were like collecting taxes in the Middle Ages.
Since the Wei, Jin and Six Dynasties, the establishment of the miser was revoked by the imperial court, but the establishment of the township assistant was actually realized because it was not necessary for the imperial court to pay wages. Until the Tang Dynasty, the township assistant was a local place to face the people directly, and the local tyrant checked the land and taxes, which were directly implemented by them. The nature was similar to that of the "grain leader" in the later Qing Dynasty. The so-called "local tyrants and evil gentry" were these people
Everyone suspected that Xiao Xian finally appeared, which made the whispering scene quiet. They all felt that Xiao Xian was young and handsome, but they didn’t dare to despise him at the same time-this kind of youth didn’t look at it properly as a synonym for "young knowledge" in the eyes of old geeks and old geeks. On the contrary, everyone saw from behind this kind of youth that "this county statue really has a solid background and it is a noble brother who can have an official position at such a young age."
"How can you elders be so restrained? County banquet is just observing people’s feelings. If it’s restrained, it’s against the meaning-come and have a drink first. County should eat and drink first. "Xiao Xian said and drank a powerful lamp, and all three dishes in front of him were accompanied by two chopsticks. But after that, they all looked at each other and didn’t dare to put Xiao Xian chopsticks and smiled and said," Are you counties going to talk about repairing the river and apportioning money and food today? Although you can rest assured that you can eat, drink, and enjoy a good county, you can guarantee that you will not apportion money and food, but if you speculate like this again … "
"Alas, county adults are joking! How dare I be so careful to come to Shen Laodi? My old brothers should go first. "Master Zuo Gu of Wushan Township said that the neighbor near Jiang Township, Mr. Shen, drank a lamp that should enliven the atmosphere. Some prominent people saw the most powerful and expressed their views. The scene was just a little better.
Xiao Xian smiled at the crowd, and when it was almost three rounds after drinking, he high-fived Guang Shen and Du Gufeng, "Let the pages carry gifts for your elders and put a box in each seat."
Once again, the scene became very quiet. Seeing that Xiao Xian had people carry out piles of hemp ropes tied together, people in a small wooden box more than a foot square didn’t know what to do.
Lord Gu Zhuang took the box and weighed it. He was afraid that there would be a dozen kilograms of samples. He was speculating that Xiao Xian said, "You don’t have to mention it. There is a gift from the official to the elders. You must have heard of the book Qi Min Yao Shu, which was newly written by the agricultural dignitaries in the previous dynasty. Although it was dedicated to the court, the official will still spend thousands of years carving this book, and then draw it out after the first printing of hundreds of sets.
"What? Is this … the secret book Qi Min Yao Shu? Alas, I didn’t expect that the county statue was indeed a well-known family source and actually printed it … This … This is really a merit. The little old man’s family also paid great attention to advising the village that some agricultural policies were not taught in short supply, but only copied some residual "Four People’s Monthly Orders". "
"Gu Zhuang, it’s not bad that you have the Four People’s Monthly Orders in your house. It’s better for Shen to copy that set … Look at this set of Qi Min Yao Shu, and it’s nearly 200,000 words. Four words add up to only half the words. If this whole set is copied and sold according to the city, even if it’s not worth thirty or fifty dollars, it won’t come to the county to honor the adults. Alas, the little old children don’t know what to say."
When Xiao Xian took it out, he was really going to explain the importance and benefits of Qi Min Yao Shu, and how much value it could create. However, after reading the squire’s reaction, he found that this preparation was all in vain. There is no need. Jiangnan really is a place where hundreds of years of reading habits accumulated in the Southern Dynasties, and even the squire’s family has read more and learned more. Although Qi Min Yao Shu was written at the end of the Northern Dynasty, Jiangnan has already gained such popularity.
"Since you elders all know this benefit, the county has boasted about it, but there are still a few words to say in the county. For more than 60 years, it has not been the original work of Jia’s original works, and later generations have supplemented it. When the capital of the county, the supervisor studied agriculture and mulberry a little, and this is given to you, but it is not for you to read it slowly, but for Ma Xuezhi to follow it in the county before the spring ploughing next year. There is a requirement-"
Several township assistants looked at each other and bit their teeth and said, "These are all our county adults who are so considerate of the people’s feelings and urgent needs, even if they really want to apportion some in the coming year …"
"The official doesn’t want to apportion the law. There is a requirement that the official will revise the law stated in Qi Min Yao Shu in the coming year. If all farmers and mulberry trees have increased production, the official wants the actual output of the state official field to be counted as 30 taxes. The government quota still belongs to the court, but if it exceeds the per mu yield stipulated by the court, it will be paid. This may be said that the villagers accept it?"
"What? Corvee … Is the county magistrate saying that the corvee will be given to the court in 2008, and the people will be given food rations by the court? Is there such a good thing? In previous years is not to bring their own food to work? … "
As soon as Xiao Xian didn’t react, he quickly went to see Liu Sandao, the main book for eating and drinking, sitting on the left seat. Liu Sandao was also surprised, but when he saw Xiao Xian’s eyes, he came forward and asked in a low voice, "Do adults want to inquire about something?"
"They say is a practice? Previously, the court corvees were all serving people to solve their own rations? "
"That’s nature, isn’t it?"
Xiao Xian suddenly felt that the folk customs in the Sui and Tang Dynasties were too simple … Maybe he was biased by the later generations in Wu Yueguo in the Five Dynasties and by the official distribution of rations to the corvee in the Song Dynasty. Adding so many post-Song novels will lead to this misunderstanding.
"Alas, let a person bring their own food to work can endure? How did such a simple folk custom get wasted by Yang Guang until the people were too heavy to die? " Xiao Xian heart dark sigh this sentence is not dare to say.
Chapter 60 White Sue lamented
Now it’s bleak in November. Although it’s warm in the south of the Yangtze River, it’s going to snow in another month at most. In the past, people should enter the slack season and do everything at home, reducing their physical strength and fat consumption like hibernating animals, and then eat two meals a day to barely get through the New Year.
However, this year is quite different. It seems that several places outside Hangzhou have become big construction sites to dredge the West Lake and dig deep. Dredge Xixi River; dredge Xixi River; Drilling wells in the north of the city has fully raised more than a thousand Ding Zhuang, engaged in all kinds of construction and worked in full swing everywhere.
What time did the new official test the government for the first time without promising wages?
First of all, this year, the court stipulated that the corvee should be converted into a twenty-day corvee, and everyone in it who is legally required to corvee Ding Zhuang can’t hide from it for twenty days at least.
This year, the imperial court is responsible for rations, and the people need to bring their own dry food. However, if you choose to work for 20 days, you can’t lead the government, which represents good food, good rice, bamboo and bamboo, and manage two meals, so you can find another way. And if you recognize that you are willing to work more days, you can enjoy the full food if you put it on record and press your handprint, and no matter how many days you work, it is the food standard. If you have special efforts, Ding Zhuang in each village can also introduce the top five and get the qualification of taking a lot of food every day. Other work incentives are counted separately.
The whole process didn’t talk about a little money, but it still attracted so many people to work. However, this doesn’t mean that Xiao Xian can’t afford this little money now. It’s not the time yet. In case of being attacked, it will be troublesome. It’s good to try water to understand the people’s pressure resistance. Moreover, in the preparation of the project, they at least have some other means. The most important thing is to allocate the people to work as close as possible to their hometown according to the people’s residence, and let the township gentry declare that after these water conservancy projects are completed, the next year will be the local farmers. Irrigation is convenient, and the increase of farmland is done by ourselves, so that the enthusiasm of some construction sites is higher. There is a swamp on the Xixi River because of the scarcity of farmland, and people can be found from distant villages to work one or two miles away.
Perhaps an outsider passed by Hangzhou and saw this scene. It must be that Xiao Xi, a local official, violated the rules and closed his position. What made so many people raise so many rations? After all, he dragged at least two-thirds of the strong labor in a county town. This scale is not small.
However, it is not so hard to finish these construction food raising things-I met with local villagers for banquets last month. Although Xiao Xian said some arrangements for the coming year and sent them to the farmers without apportioning things, no one can do a good job in local actual grassroots workers. People and counties have paid a small amount of money with sincerity. They have to find a way to make up some money and go back, not to apportion it, but to "actively raise money".